Guide to the ANSI/ NISO/ LBI Library Binding Standard: ANSI/ NISO/ LBI Z39.78-2000

Title: Guide to the ANSI/ NISO/ LBI Library Binding Standard: ANSI/ NISO/ LBI Z39.78-2000

Author: Jan Merrill-Oldham, Paul Parisi

Publisher: Association for Library Collections & Technical Services

Date: 2008

Address: Chicago

Contents Illustrations iv Preface vi Preface to the 1990 Edition viii Commentary on the Standard Foreword to the Standard 1 Introduction 2 Technical Specifi cations 7 Materials Specifi cations 34 Appendixes A. Decision Trees 39 1. Is Binding Necessary? 2. Binding Monographs 3. Binding Serials B. Inspecting Library Bound Volumes 43 C. Nonstandard Library Binding 47 D. Supplementary Bindery Products and Services 50 E. Key Elements of a Binding Agreement 54 F. Sample Customer Profi le 59 About the Authors 64

Sixteen years have passed since the Guide to the Library Binding Institute Standard for Library Binding (the Guide) was published as a companion to the eighth edition of the Library Binding Institute Standard for Library Binding (LBI Standard).1 An outgrowth of the interests of preservationists in the American Library Association (ALA), the Guide explained and illustrated the LBI Standard and pointed out areas where uncertainty or disagreement existed within the industry. Compromise, rather than consensus characterized some parts of the document. We returned to the Guide in 2006 with the intention of bringing its numbering scheme into harmony with the current version of the ANSI/NISO/LBI Z39.78-2000, Library Binding Standard.2 Our plan was to alter a few sentences here and there to refl ect the developments in manufacturing that have occurred since the Guide was fi rst issued. As we reviewed the text, however, we made a surprising discovery. Although we were well aware of each change that had taken place in the industry in recent years, it became evident to us that nearly all of the concerns raised by librarians and binders throughout the 1970s and ’80s had been addressed comprehensively by the industry. Consider the library binding landscape in 1986. Oversewing was the cornerstone of the business and had been for more than fi fty years. Double-fan adhesive binding was robust enough to merit its inclusion in the 1986 edition of the LBI Standard as a mainstream option, but the process had not been tested and there were no commercially manufactured, double-fan adhesive binding machines available for purchase. Spine notching was allowed, but the technique had not been tested and its adoption was not widespread. Group F buckram, the covering material used for nearly all library bindings, was often criticized for being too thick, stiff , and shiny. Questions about trimming text blocks, using the proper adhesive for the proper purpose, treating the spines of text blocks or the corners of covers, reinforcing endcaps, and manufacturing cover board had been raised over time and were documented in 1990. Th e library binding industry, when faced with change or an attack on established practices, chose to view the intense scrutiny of its products as an incentive to conduct research, answer questions, and explore options for technical development. Rigorous testing carried out following the publication of the 1990 edition of the Guide resulted in the general adoption of new practices, the superiority of which we now have evidence. Today it can be said that the binding industry has nearly universally addressed the issues documented in 1990. For example, in 1991 the fi rst modern in-line machine for manufacturing notched, double-fan adhesive bindings was introduced by the library binding industry. Th e machine mills, notches, double-fan glues, and lines the spines of text blocks of many sizes. Th is was just the beginning of a series of important advances in equipment and materials. Robotic stamping became viable with the introduction of an acrylic-coated, polyester/cotton blend fabric. Th is improved material⎯thinner, fl atter, and free of knots⎯also facilitated

automated cover making. Because LBI took the initiative to test and approve new materials, processes that were not feasible in the fi rst decades of the library binding industry have become routine. In short, the Guide documented a well-established need for better and more diverse binding products. The binding industry responded with advances in technology that made those products possible and aff ordable. Subsequently, the trade association-sponsored LBI Standard was overhauled and recast as a performance-based standard, ANSI/NISO/ LBI Z39.78-2000, Library Binding Standard. This signifi cant shift in approach allows for improvements in methods and materials provided that performance is equaled or exceeded. It is heartening to realize that the years of discussion and discovery among librarians, library binders, and suppliers paved the way for major changes in the fi eld, all of which have benefi ted and supported the goals of libraries and readers. Jan Merrill-Oldham Paul Parisi July 2008

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